Sands Casino Macau Minimum Bet

Las Vegas Sands owns and operates the Venetian Casino Resort and the Sands Expo and Convention Center and the Palazzo Casino Resort in Las Vegas, notes John Staszak, an analyst with Argus Research. The company also owns and operates The Sands Casino Resort in Bethlehem; the Sands Macau Casino, the Venetian Macao and the Four Seasons Hotel in China; and the Marina Bay Sands in Singapore. The casino was relatively crowded compared to the casinos we saw on the strip, and like everywhere on Macau the main game is Baccarat, a 50-50 game which requires no skill. We played a $200 minimum blackjack table. Like all casinos in Macau the used cards are constantly recycled in a shuffling machine which makes counting cards pointless. Top ten casinos in Macau. It's not for nothing that Macau is termed the ‘Las Vegas of Asia', and as.

Casino at Venetian Macao: Minimum bet was £30 - See 5,643 traveler reviews, 4,116 candid photos, and great deals for Macau, China, at Tripadvisor.

Gambling in Macau has been legal since the 1850s when the Portuguese government legalised the activity in the autonomous colony. Since then, Macau has become known worldwide as the 'Gambling capital of the world'^[1][2] or 'Monte Carlo of the East'.

Gambling tourism is Macau's biggest source of revenue, making up about 50% of the economy. Visitors are made up largely of Chinese nationals from mainland China and Hong Kong. With the entry of large foreign casinos from Las Vegas and Australia, Macau overtook the Las Vegas Strip in gambling revenues in 2007.

Until Western-style casino games were introduced in the 20th century, only Chinese games were played, the most popular being Fan-Tan. Generally, gambling in Macau can be divided into one of four categories: casino games, greyhound racing, sports betting, and lotteries. At the present time, Macau does not license online gambling operations.

Macau, a special administrative region like Hong Kong, is the only place in China where casinos are legal, and the business has grown at an astounding pace since 2001, when the government ended the four-decade gambling monopoly of the Hong Kong billionaire Stanley Ho.

Macau is the pre-eminent gambling capital of the world, grossing the highest amount of gambling/gaming revenue and greatly dwarfing all the other gambling centers/cities.^[1][2][3]

History[edit]

Macau Casinos List

In an attempt to generate revenues for the government, gambling in Macau was legalized by the Portuguese government in 1849.^[4] In the late 19th century, the government introduced a licensing system for the fantan houses (Chinese gambling houses). It is reported that over 200 gambling houses were required to pay gambling rent to the government.^[5] The second casino monopoly concession was granted to the Tai Heng^[6] Company in 1937.^[7] The company was, however, too conservative to fully exploit the economic potential of gambling.

The industry saw a major breakthrough in 1962 when the government granted the monopoly rights to all forms of gambling to Sociedade de Turismo e Diversões de Macau (STDM), a syndicate jointly formed by Hong Kong and Macau businessmen. The STDM introduced western-style games and modernised the marine transport between Macau and Hong Kong, bringing millions of gamblers from Hong Kong every year.^[5] The license was extended in 1986 for another 15 years but expired at the end of 2001.

Macau was transferred to the People's Republic of China in 1999 and became a special administrative region of China. During this transition, there were no changes to gambling policy in Macau.^[8]

In 2002, the Macau government ended the monopoly system and granted 3 (later 6) casino operating concessions (and subconcessions) to: Sociedade de Jogos de Macau (SJM, an 80% owned subsidiary of STDM), Wynn Resorts, Las Vegas Sands, Galaxy Entertainment Group, the partnership of MGM Mirage and Pansy Ho Chiu-king, and the partnership of Melco and PBL. On 18 May 2004, the Sands Macau casino opened near the Macau Ferry Terminal. Today, there are 16 casinos operated by the STDM, and they are still crucial in the casino industry in Macau.

Economic aspects[edit]

The so-called 'Monte Carlo of the Orient', Macau's economy relies heavily on gambling. Nowadays, the gambling industry generates over 40% of the GDP of Macau. Since the early 1960s, around 50% of Macau's official revenue has been driven by gambling. The percentage remained steady until the late 1990s. In 1998, 44.5% of total government revenue was produced by the direct tax on gambling. Then there was a 9.1% decrease in 1999, probably due to internet gaming. After the handover of the Macau from Portugal to China, the SAR released gambling licenses to other companies in order to eliminate the monopoly played by the STDM. In 2002, the government signed concession contracts with two Macau gaming companies, Wynn Resort Ltd. and Galaxy Casino. This opened the gambling market for competition and increased government tax revenue significantly. It also attracted more tourists to Macau. At this moment, according to official statistics, gambling taxes form 70% of Macau's government income.^[9]

However, the gambling industry is also a source of instability in the Macau economy, as the nature of gambling business is not susceptible to technological advancement or productivity growth. The gambling business is still dependent on the prosperity of other Asian economies, especially that of China. Due to Xi Jinping's promise on cracking down of corruption across mainland China, casino profits from across Macau have been reporting a decline in monthly profits^[10] In addition, a proliferation of other gambling venues in the region is drawing the target demographic away. Macau's 2018 grew 13% over the prior year, but this lagged behind the 41% growth in emerging casino markets in Singapore, South Korea, the Philippines and Australia, according to Fitch Ratings. In 2019 casino earnings reached their lowest level in three years.^[11]

Gambling forms[edit]

Casinos[edit]

Macau has 41 casinos (as of 2019), of which the biggest is The Venetian Macao. Twenty-four casinos are located on the Macau Peninsula and 17 on Taipa Island or the Cotai Strip. They all operate under a government franchise and under a common set of rules.

The main casino operators in Macau are SJM Holdings, Galaxy Entertainment and Las Vegas Sands with respective revenues of 9.7, 4.8, and 4.2 billion in 2011.^[12]

A wide range of games are available, including roulette, blackjack, baccarat, boule, Sic bo, Fan Tan, keno and slot machines.

Poker was introduced only in August 2007, in an electronic table format at Galaxy Starworld casino. The first live poker tournament was the Asia Pacific Poker Tour Macau event in November 2007. Shortly thereafter, in January 2008, the government of Macau published the official rules for Texas hold 'em poker games in Macau. In February 2008, Grand Lisboa Casino added the first live-dealer cash game tables. In May 2008, 'PokerStars Macau' opened at Grand Waldo Casino. In November 2008, Texas Holdem' Poker opened at Wynn Macau. 'PokerStars Macau' moved to a new location at the Grand Lisboa Casino in March 2009. Today, Wynn Macau, StarWorld, and the Venetian offer live-dealer cash game poker tables.^[13] Previously, most casinos were non-smoking. This caused serious discontent from both operators and visitors. In 2019, the Chinese Ministry of Health allowed smoking in special rooms in most casinos. In February 2020, in connection with the spread of coronavirus, after a two-week break in the casino, a restriction was introduced.

Horse racing[edit]

Other than casinos, there is betting at the Macau Jockey Club and the dog-racing Canidrome.

Horse-racing mainly takes place every Tuesday and Saturday or Sunday at the race-course on the Taipa Island of Macau. The race-course has an area of 450,000 square metres and 18,000 seats for gamblers, and is open only for people over 18 years of age.

The Macau Jockey Club was formerly the Macau Trotting Club. In 1991, it was acquired by a consortium led by Stanley Ho. The Macau Jockey Club is one of the largest private employers of Macau with around 1,400 employees and around 1,100 part-timers.

Ways of betting

• On-course betting

There are over 210 betting terminals 'on-course'. All terminals can perform sell and pay functions. Punters may bet in Hong Kong dollars or Macau patacas. Bets are accepted up to the start of each race. Punters may place a bet by oral instructions or by filling a ticket.

• Off-course betting

There are over 80 betting terminals in the Off-Course Betting Centres. 14 Off-course Betting Centres are located in popular districts of Macau and Taipa.

• Internet betting

The Internet betting service commenced on 20 September 2003. Customers can review the Club's internet betting website at www.macauhorsebet.com.

• Telephone services

There are over 600 telephone service terminals and a total of over 38,000 telebet accounts. The winning dividend of account holders may at their instructions be automatically transferred to their bank accounts.

• Fast Access Terminals (FAT)

Launched in June 1997, the personal betting terminal, FAT (Fast Access Terminal) offers betting, calculation of bet units, record tracking of bets, account enquiry, withdrawal instructions and other related information on races such as declaration and race-odds. Close to 1,000 customers are currently using FAT.

• Hong Kong Service Centres

Three service centres are now set up in Hong Kong including Shaukeiwan Service Centre, Sheung Wan Service Centre and Mongkok Service Centre.

Greyhound racing[edit]

Greyhound racing takes place at the Canidrome on Avenida General Castelo Branco. These races are held on Mondays, Thursdays, Fridays and weekends starting from 7:45 pm and there are 16 games on every racing evenings. Admission is MOP$10 (usable for betting) for the public stand.

Players can bet inside the greyhound racing centre, or in off-course betting centres located in the Hotel Lisboa, Jai-Alai Palace and Kam Pek Casino.

Gambling and society[edit]

The casino industry is viewed by some as harmful to society. A high crime rate was one of the biggest problems that Macau's colonial Portuguese government had to face. Since Macau's return to China's rule in 1999, the public security situation has markedly improved. With the growth of the casino industry, a business called 'bate-ficha' was developed and it is usually run by different triad societies. The bate-ficha business is an element of triad involvement in Macau's gambling industry. Bate-ficha involves selling customers 'dead chips' that cannot be exchanged for cash in the casinos, but only by bate-ficha men or women, who are officially known as 'gaming promoters' or 'middlemen' for a commission.

Triad involvement in Macau casinos makes a serious social impact on the local area. It attracts the attention of Chinese gangsters, whose deadly battles over the fortunes to be made from racketeering and extortion in the territory are a continuing problem. As different triad societies compete for controlled territory in the casinos and on the streets, disputes between societies occur from time to time. These are often settled in violent ways. Even worse, triad societies have grown so powerful in Macau that there was a trend that people tried to seek help from these societies rather than from the police. Although the situation has improved since the 1999 handover to China, the problem is still entrenched in the local area.

Gaming law[edit]

No one under the age of 21 is allowed to gamble.

Macau Casino Stocks

Detailed law is enforced in Macau to ensure 'qualified operation of gambling' in Macau. The details are listed in Law 16/2001 (regime jurídico da exploração de jogos de fortuna ou azar em casino), and other laws regulating the activity of gaming promoters and credit for gaming.

The Gaming Inspection and Coordination Bureau (known as DICJ) is the main government unit that oversees the operation of different gaming activities.

Under Macau law, it stated that a permit issued by the Gaming Inspection and Coordination Bureau is required for the operation of lotteries sales, lucky draw or similar activities, and the initial procedure in the application on the operation of lotteries sales, lucky draw, or similar activities is to submit a notification to the relevant government department ten days prior to the application.

In the Macau legal system, gaming law is not considered as a branch of law in the traditional sense. Instead, it may be considered as a transversal gathering of a range of legal topics more or less directly related to gaming, including constitutional law, administrative law, tax law, company law, contract law, and criminal law. In this manner, issues of public law as well as private law are of relevance for gaming.

Tax law issues[edit]

The taxation of casino sub/concessionaires is made of a fixed part and a variable part. The variable part falls on the gross gaming revenue. The tax rate is currently of 35%, plus two contributions of up to 2% and 3% for social and economic purposes. The maximum tax is therefore 40%. In addition, a fixed premium is also payable, plus a premium per VIP table, other table, and slot machine. Gaming promoters pay taxes on commissions received.

Contract law issues[edit]

Macau Sands Casino

From the perspective of contract law, gaming and betting are contracts which may or may not generate civil or natural obligations for the parties. The matter is regulated in the Civil Code 1999 (art. 1171), which states, drawing from Roman law, that gaming and betting generate natural obligations except in sports competitions and where the law provides otherwise. The problem is that gaming legislation currently does not provide to this effect.

Regarding credit for gaming, Macau law states since 2004 that the granting of credit for casino games of fortune generates civil obligations, which are fully enforceable in Macau courts. Credit for casino games of fortune is defined as any case where chips are passed on to a player without immediate cash payment of such chips; this is an intentionally broad concept. Credit for gaming is regulated by Law no. 5/2004, of 14 June.

Criminal law issues[edit]

From the perspective of criminal law, there are specific criminal offences related to gaming; see Law 8/96/M, of 22 July, and Law 9/96/M, of 22 July. Other criminal law matters are covered by broader laws: the Penal Code and the law on Organized crime. Game cheating is mentioned in art. 6 of Law 8/96/M, of 22 July. In addition, general laws on the prevention and repression of money laundering and the financing of terrorism through casinos apply.

Problem gambling[edit]

As of November 2011, exclusion of players from gambling establishments is voluntary. If the person realises that their gambling activities begin to cause trouble, they can turn to the Gaming Inspection and Coordination Bureau to ban them from entering the casino. The government of Macau is seeking the opinions of the citizens on the possibility of establishing a programme that will allow excluding problem gamblers from all casinos without their consent. The Legislative Assembly is currently^[when?] analyzing the new draft law, which also deals with the problem of exclusion from gambling houses. The law suggests that the person can be excluded from the casino if they submit their own request or approve the request submitted by their relatives.^[15]

Other matters[edit]

Competition law matters, and advertising law, as well as the impact of WTO law on gaming, may also be pointed out as part of gaming law. Regarding online gaming, the Macau SAR does not currently grant concessions for online casinos. The current casino concessions only cover land-based gaming, not online gaming.

Academic research and teaching[edit]

The teaching of Macau gaming law started in 2005 the Faculty of Business Administration of the University of Macau, in the undergraduate program of gaming management.Since 2007 it is also included in the master program of international business law offered by the Faculty of Law of the University of Macau [1], in which various theses have already been defended in topics of gaming law.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

1. ^ ^abBranigan, Tania (11 May 2011). 'Macau – gaming capital of the world'. The Guardian.
2. ^ ^ab'Macau: The world's gambling capital'. BBC News.
3. ^Riley, Charles (6 January 2014). 'Macau's gambling industry is now 7 times bigger than Vegas'. CNNMoney.
4. ^Godinho, Jorge (2012) 'A history of games of chance in Macau, Part 1 : Introduction', in Gaming Law Review and Economics, Vol. 16, no. 10, p. 552-556, and (2013) 'Part 2 : The foundation of the Macau gaming industry », Gaming Law Review and Economics, Vol. 17, no. 2, p. 107-116.
5. ^ ^abChan, S. S. (2000). The Macau Economy. Macau: Publications Centre, University of Macau. ISBN99937-26-03-6.
6. ^'Macau Gaming Summary'. UNLV Center for Gaming Research. Retrieved 19 April 2012.
7. ^Macau Yearbook 2007. Government Information Bureau of the Macau SAR. 2007. ISBN978-99937-56-09-5.
8. ^'All you need to know, Macau Hotel'. Gambling Info. Retrieved 27 June 2011.
9. ^Bloomberg, Macau Casinos Top Las Vegas as Adelson, Wynn, Battle Stanley Ho, 1 March 2007
10. ^'Macau Gambling decline'. Yahoo Finance. Retrieved 21 December 2015.
11. ^Ese Erheriene (7 May 2019). 'Casino Boom in Asia Pressures Vegas Operators: Regions new venues aim to draw gamblers beyond Macau, U.S. giants' longtime hub'. The Wall Street Journal. p. B5.
12. ^'Main casino operators in Macau'. Travel & Gamble Online Magazine. Archived from the original on 24 June 2017.
13. ^'Best Poker Rooms in Macau – Macau Poker Updated Jan 2014'.
14. ^video on www.oceanus.asiaArchived 1 February 2011 at the Wayback Machine
15. ^Macau Daily Times: Gov't considers ban on problem gamblers

Further reading[edit]

• Jorge Godinho, 'Casino Gaming in Macau: Evolution, Regulation and Challenges', in UNLV Gaming Law Journal, vol. 5(1), 2014, pp. 1 ff. [2]
• Jorge Godinho, 'A History of Games of Chance in Macau: Part 1 – Introduction', in Gaming Law Review and Economics, vol. 16(10), October 2012, pp. 552 ff. [3]
• Jorge Godinho, Macau Business Law and Legal System, LexisNexis, Hong Kong, 2007 (ISBN9789628937271) [4]
• Governo de Macau, O Jogo em Macau, 1985.
• Angela Leong, 'The 'bate-ficha' business and triads in Macau casinos', QUEENSLAND U. OF TECH. L. & JUST., 84 (2002)
• Metaxas Theodore and Folinas Sotiris (2016) 'Gambling Tourism and Economic Development: Some lessons from Macao,' MPRA Paper 72397, University Library of Munich, Germany.

External links[edit]

• Media related to Gambling in Macau at Wikimedia Commons

Introduction

The Sands Macau opened in 2004 and is one of three properties owned in Macau by the Las Vegas Sands Corporation, the others being the Venetian and the Plaza. For those looking for the glitz and glamour of Vegas, try heading to the Cotai Strip for the Venetian. The Sands doesn't pay a lot of mind to periphery endeavors. Its only concern is with strict hardcore gambling.

Location

The Sands is situated on the southeast corner of the Macau Peninsula, directly opposite Fisherman's Wharf. That puts it about a fifteen minute walk away from the main casino action along Avenue D'Amizade. Despite its isolated location, the Sands is not alone. The JiMei, Grand Lapa and Waldo Hotels also ply their trade in this part of town.

Gambling

The main show at the Sands Macau is definitely gambling; everything else is almost an afterthought. Corners were definitely cut during the planning stage on floor aesthetics and lighting, but what you miss out on there is made up for by the sheer number of games available. More specifically the Sands has over 700 plus table games and well over 1200 slot machines. The action, on average, is expensive. $300 minimum tables are the norm. $100 tables are hard to find and each game may only have two or three such tables. Slots, on the other hand, are surprisingly cheap. There are plenty of 1, 2, 5 10 cent HKD slots to go around.

The gambling is spread out over four floors with most of it occurring on the enormous first floor. A smoke free casino is available on the ground floor while the high rollers head to the high limit exclusive members only Paiza Club on the third floor. (Interestingly enough the Paiza Club is not off limits to non members. Tables with minimums of $1,000 to $10,000 are common, while the highest one I saw was a baccarat table at $80,000. The Paiza club is separated into about 20 smaller rooms with three or four tables in each, with each room named after a city in China, for example, Guilin room, Beijing room, Dunhuang room, etc.)

For those ladies who only want to gamble in the company of the other women, there is a small ladies only section on the first floor, made up of three tables. All three tables are baccarat, with minimum bets of 300 and 200 respectively.

For such a large casino it is interesting that there is no poker room. Following is a list of the Sands Macau games. Unless otherwise indicated, normal Macau rules and payouts apply to all games.

• 3 card Baccarat: Rules.
• Baccarat: More information.
• No Tax Baccarat: I'd say a little more than half of the Baccarat tables at the Sands were no tax Baccarat. Players don't pay the 5% commission in exchange for only getting paid 50% on a won 6 dealer bet. More information can be found at the Wizard of Odds, where this game is referred to as the U.K. variant of Commission-Free Baccarat.
• Blackjack: A quick note about the procedure. Dealers offer the surrender bet to all of the players prior to the player on first base playing his hand. That is the only time players can invoke the surrender rule, before the first player begins. In my opinion, it's completely unnecessary and caused some problems at my table that I'll get into later on.
• Caribbean Stud Poker: The Sands Macau likes to stick it to the lucky recipient of a royal flush. Now we all know 100-1 is the standard payout, but the Sands is only giving 50-1. When I asked a lady floor manager about this, she told me it was the standard payout 'all over the world'. Unconvinced, I tried to bring some logic into the conversation by pointing out that a royal flush is a much better (and much more difficult) hand to get than a straight flush, and thus it should be paid more. She answered that 50-1 is only for the normal game and such a policy did not apply to the progressive jackpot, which was paid 100%. Of course that had nothing to do with what I just said, but I pushed on, noting that the progressive jackpot was only at 3,000,000, and for that not to be a sucker bet, the jackpot had to be at 6.8 million or more. To which she replied, 'then start playing the progressive more and it will get up there.' By then, I couldn't continue having that conversation with her anymore and walked away.
  The Wizard agrees with me that 100-1 is the standard win for a royal flush. He adds that lowering the pay to 50-1 lowers the house edge by 0.004% only. It would seem a bad business decision, angering players used to the 100-1 win, at an average savings of one bet for every 24,000 played.
  In the event of a tie between the dealer and the player, the suit of their two highest cards will be used to break the tie. Suit strength from strongest to weakest is as follows: spade, heart, club, diamond.
  
• Casino War: Rules.
• Fan Tan: Minimum bets are determined by the type of bet. Kwok, Nim and Fan minimum bets are $100, while Nga Tam is $200 and Sheh Sam Hong is $300. Rules.
• Craps: The Sands has one table, paying 3-4-5 odds. Minimum craps bet is $50 HKD. Rules.
• 3 Card Poker - One table has no pairplus bet option, while all the other tables have it. Rules.
• Roulette: All wheels are single 0. Rules.
• Sic Bo: Standard Macau rules are followed. Minimum Sic Bo bets are $100, but combination bets are allowed. That is, players can make two separate $50 dollar bets at a time if they want.
• Slots: The slots lover will not be disappointed at the Sands, unless they're into high stake slots. As I said, plenty of slot machines under $1 HKD abound. There is a high limit slots room on the first floor with only three $50 slot machines and five $100 slot machines. The majority of them aren't even high stake at all, only $1, $2 or $10. The exclusive Paiza club also has a slots room but there is nothing exclusive about it, with no machine exceeding $25. For a casino with such large minimum bets, I was surprised to see the slots so cheap. In addition to slots, electronic versions of baccarat, sic bo, and roulette are all widely available. Minimums for these games start at $10.
• Video Poker: They have six Game King Machines that offer five different games — Jacks or Better, Double Bonus Poker, Double Double Bonus Poker, Deuces Wild and Joker Poker.

My Own Gambling

In order for any casino review to be authentic, the reviewer must gamble. To that end, I did what I had to do and entered the fray. At 2 pm I started playing Blackjack at a hundred dollar table, which was not easy to find, as there are only three of them in the whole casino. The table was empty when I started but soon filled up. On the whole I find the level of Blackjack playing in Macau to be noticeably worse than in the West. I'm not sure how many people here have heard of basic strategy. The mistakes made are plentiful and not easy to watch. I know there are beginners everywhere but even people here well versed in the rules of the game don't really know what they're doing. For some, I think they just play the game to get in on the 11-1 pair sidebet which is a sucker bet to begin with and shouldn't be played ever - under any circumstances. But they go on anyway, happily dropping $50 HKD or more on each player's hand hoping one hits a pair. And if one does, they invariably drop another $50 HKD down that the third card dealt to the player will match yet again, odds and probability be damned.

While playing blackjack, I noticed an inconsistency in the performance of the dealers. Not all of them acted in the same way. The rule at the Sands is that surrender can only be invoked after everyone has seen their cards and the first player has yet to play. This, however, for some dealers, was a loose rule. Some would allow players to surrender when their turn came up afterwards. One poor woman playing at second base was a little perplexed knowing that the last dealer let her surrender when her turn to play came up, but then a new dealer didn't. Poor thing had to hit a 15 against a 10 with a grand bet sitting on the table. Obviously whoever is watching the dealers should be correcting this mistake instantly. Casinoes can't have dealers of the same games doing different things. In my opinion the whole procedure stinks in the first place and should be scrapped. They ought to let players surrender when their turn comes up. There's no need to interrupt the flow of the game by asking players at the outset.

During my three hours of play I found roughly half of the dealers could speak, or at least, understand, some English. Play for me, overall, went well. I bet low all the way through and was always up, usually around a grand. I think, at my peak, I may have been up $1800, but those good times didn't last. When I walked away after three hours, I was up an even thousand and decided to try my luck at Fan Tan.

Fan Tan caught my interest just recently after I learned that it used to be THE game for Chinese people, in and around the turn of the 19th Century. I'm very much into Chinese history, especially the history of that era, so I was eager to see what the fuss was all about. After playing it for a half hour, I found the game to be excruciating. It had nothing to do with the dealers or the other players, who were all cool, but with the randomness of it all, of my bet, of betting $300 to win $95, of knowing that I'd have to win 4 times for every time I lost just to turn a profit. My strategy was to bet 2,3,4 all the way through and hope there was a long dry run for the number 1. Well that long dry run for the number 1 never materialized as it came up twice in 30 minutes. When it came up a second time I called it quits, up $435. The only reason I was up that much was because I tried a Fan bet on the number 4 once and luckily won it, winning $300. Otherwise I'd only have shown a meagre $135 win from betting Sheh Sam Hong. That's akin to death by slow slicing, in my opinion.

The best part about playing Fan Tan were the other players. If I was a little harsh in my evaluation of the locals as Blackjack players, then I am giving them full props for their skills at Fan Tan. Four seconds after the game started they could call out the winning number, just as the dealer only started to group the buttons with her wand. Sometimes they'd play around with me, calling the won number out to be 1 when it wasn't, knowing that's the only number I could lose with. I took the ribbing all in good fun and it lent good camaraderie to the table. I noticed the other players liked to keep track of the winning numbers with a special form provided by the casino much in the same way they do with Baccarat. Dealers English level was noticeably poorer than at the Blackjack tables, probably because not many foreigners play Fan Tan.

After playing for 3.5 hours, all at $100 tables, I accumulated 8 points on my players card. I walked away up $1,435 HKD, a win I'll gladly take every time!

Promotions

Player Card

The Sands Rewards Club card is good in all three of the Sands Corporation Macau properties: the Sands, Venetian, and Plaza. Gold player cards are free initially while Ruby cards and Diamond cards are earned subject to points accumulated. Ruby cards require 888 points while the magic number for Diamond cards is 8,888.

I asked three different staff members exactly how points were accumulated but no one knew the answer. They only said it was done 'by computer.'

Member benefits are pretty standard across the board. Discounts available in hotel restaurants are as follows: Gold club members get 10 percent while Ruby and Diamond club members get 20 and 25 percent respectively. The big goal to shoot for should be the complimentary hotel night available with the Ruby Card. However, be warned, the fine print says that perk is discretionary, based on rated play.

Big Spin and Win

Sands Rewards Club members are eligible to take a free daily spin on the 'Big Spin and Win' slot machine. Top prize is a 1,000,000 HKD. Other prizes include cash as well as several slot bonuses. The machine is located on the ground floor beside the smoke free casino.

Explore the World

At my time of visiting, a two month Explore the World trip promotion was just winding down. Two draws occurred daily, at 2 pm and 7:30 pm on the stage behind the Xanadu bar. Only those with player cards were eligible to earn tickets for the draw. The main prize was a World trip worth $100,000 HKD.

Hotel

On December 27th, 2010 I checked into the cheapest room available at the Sands Macau, the Deluxe Suite. The cost of the room in total was 2184 Pattacas for one night. As is the norm in Macau, room prices vary according to the day of the week, with rates lowest midweek and highest on the weekend. The only other room available at the Sands is the more expensive Executive Suite, which roughly goes for a grand more.

On the whole I would say more experience staying at the Sands left a little to be desired. There's no question the main focus there is on gaming, not on the hotel experience, and it shows as soon as you walk in the front door. The lobby is very underwhelming with nothing to suggest you are staying a five star hotel. At check in my Visa card was not accepted for some reason, with the only explanation being the transaction was declined, which was a surprise to me as I pay my bills on time. Luckily I had enough cash on me to pay for the room as well as the $2000 HKD deposit. Later on, I encountered more problems when I tried to call my credit card company long distance from the room. I was first told that I couldn't be connected, as I hadn't paid a deposit, which was completely incorrect. After I explained to the girl that I had paid, she connected me quickly, but I never made my long distance call after learning the rates were 40 Pattacas a minute. Outside on the street, the same call can be made for 1 Pattaca a minute. That markup is borderline criminal in my books.

Sands Casino Macau China

The hotel never had the sense of being busy when I was there. Elevators were easy to get and almost never had anyone in them. Floors 1 to 6 are open to everyone and house all the hotel's casinoes and restaurants. The pool and conference centre are located on the 6th floor. Floors 7 to 23 are guest rooms and require a room card to access. Half the time during my stay the key wouldn't work properly and I had to try three or four times, an annoyance that always bothers me more than it probably should.

In an attempt to generate revenues for the government, gambling in Macau was legalized by the Portuguese government in 1849.^[4] In the late 19th century, the government introduced a licensing system for the fantan houses (Chinese gambling houses). It is reported that over 200 gambling houses were required to pay gambling rent to the government.^[5] The second casino monopoly concession was granted to the Tai Heng^[6] Company in 1937.^[7] The company was, however, too conservative to fully exploit the economic potential of gambling.

The industry saw a major breakthrough in 1962 when the government granted the monopoly rights to all forms of gambling to Sociedade de Turismo e Diversões de Macau (STDM), a syndicate jointly formed by Hong Kong and Macau businessmen. The STDM introduced western-style games and modernised the marine transport between Macau and Hong Kong, bringing millions of gamblers from Hong Kong every year.^[5] The license was extended in 1986 for another 15 years but expired at the end of 2001.

Macau was transferred to the People's Republic of China in 1999 and became a special administrative region of China. During this transition, there were no changes to gambling policy in Macau.^[8]

In 2002, the Macau government ended the monopoly system and granted 3 (later 6) casino operating concessions (and subconcessions) to: Sociedade de Jogos de Macau (SJM, an 80% owned subsidiary of STDM), Wynn Resorts, Las Vegas Sands, Galaxy Entertainment Group, the partnership of MGM Mirage and Pansy Ho Chiu-king, and the partnership of Melco and PBL. On 18 May 2004, the Sands Macau casino opened near the Macau Ferry Terminal. Today, there are 16 casinos operated by the STDM, and they are still crucial in the casino industry in Macau.

Economic aspects[edit]

The so-called 'Monte Carlo of the Orient', Macau's economy relies heavily on gambling. Nowadays, the gambling industry generates over 40% of the GDP of Macau. Since the early 1960s, around 50% of Macau's official revenue has been driven by gambling. The percentage remained steady until the late 1990s. In 1998, 44.5% of total government revenue was produced by the direct tax on gambling. Then there was a 9.1% decrease in 1999, probably due to internet gaming. After the handover of the Macau from Portugal to China, the SAR released gambling licenses to other companies in order to eliminate the monopoly played by the STDM. In 2002, the government signed concession contracts with two Macau gaming companies, Wynn Resort Ltd. and Galaxy Casino. This opened the gambling market for competition and increased government tax revenue significantly. It also attracted more tourists to Macau. At this moment, according to official statistics, gambling taxes form 70% of Macau's government income.^[9]

However, the gambling industry is also a source of instability in the Macau economy, as the nature of gambling business is not susceptible to technological advancement or productivity growth. The gambling business is still dependent on the prosperity of other Asian economies, especially that of China. Due to Xi Jinping's promise on cracking down of corruption across mainland China, casino profits from across Macau have been reporting a decline in monthly profits^[10] In addition, a proliferation of other gambling venues in the region is drawing the target demographic away. Macau's 2018 grew 13% over the prior year, but this lagged behind the 41% growth in emerging casino markets in Singapore, South Korea, the Philippines and Australia, according to Fitch Ratings. In 2019 casino earnings reached their lowest level in three years.^[11]

Gambling forms[edit]

Casinos[edit]

Macau has 41 casinos (as of 2019), of which the biggest is The Venetian Macao. Twenty-four casinos are located on the Macau Peninsula and 17 on Taipa Island or the Cotai Strip. They all operate under a government franchise and under a common set of rules.

The main casino operators in Macau are SJM Holdings, Galaxy Entertainment and Las Vegas Sands with respective revenues of 9.7, 4.8, and 4.2 billion in 2011.^[12]

A wide range of games are available, including roulette, blackjack, baccarat, boule, Sic bo, Fan Tan, keno and slot machines.

Poker was introduced only in August 2007, in an electronic table format at Galaxy Starworld casino. The first live poker tournament was the Asia Pacific Poker Tour Macau event in November 2007. Shortly thereafter, in January 2008, the government of Macau published the official rules for Texas hold 'em poker games in Macau. In February 2008, Grand Lisboa Casino added the first live-dealer cash game tables. In May 2008, 'PokerStars Macau' opened at Grand Waldo Casino. In November 2008, Texas Holdem' Poker opened at Wynn Macau. 'PokerStars Macau' moved to a new location at the Grand Lisboa Casino in March 2009. Today, Wynn Macau, StarWorld, and the Venetian offer live-dealer cash game poker tables.^[13] Previously, most casinos were non-smoking. This caused serious discontent from both operators and visitors. In 2019, the Chinese Ministry of Health allowed smoking in special rooms in most casinos. In February 2020, in connection with the spread of coronavirus, after a two-week break in the casino, a restriction was introduced.

Horse racing[edit]

Other than casinos, there is betting at the Macau Jockey Club and the dog-racing Canidrome.

Horse-racing mainly takes place every Tuesday and Saturday or Sunday at the race-course on the Taipa Island of Macau. The race-course has an area of 450,000 square metres and 18,000 seats for gamblers, and is open only for people over 18 years of age.

The Macau Jockey Club was formerly the Macau Trotting Club. In 1991, it was acquired by a consortium led by Stanley Ho. The Macau Jockey Club is one of the largest private employers of Macau with around 1,400 employees and around 1,100 part-timers.

Ways of betting

• On-course betting

There are over 210 betting terminals 'on-course'. All terminals can perform sell and pay functions. Punters may bet in Hong Kong dollars or Macau patacas. Bets are accepted up to the start of each race. Punters may place a bet by oral instructions or by filling a ticket.

• Off-course betting

There are over 80 betting terminals in the Off-Course Betting Centres. 14 Off-course Betting Centres are located in popular districts of Macau and Taipa.

• Internet betting

The Internet betting service commenced on 20 September 2003. Customers can review the Club's internet betting website at www.macauhorsebet.com.

• Telephone services

There are over 600 telephone service terminals and a total of over 38,000 telebet accounts. The winning dividend of account holders may at their instructions be automatically transferred to their bank accounts.

• Fast Access Terminals (FAT)

Launched in June 1997, the personal betting terminal, FAT (Fast Access Terminal) offers betting, calculation of bet units, record tracking of bets, account enquiry, withdrawal instructions and other related information on races such as declaration and race-odds. Close to 1,000 customers are currently using FAT.

• Hong Kong Service Centres

Three service centres are now set up in Hong Kong including Shaukeiwan Service Centre, Sheung Wan Service Centre and Mongkok Service Centre.

Greyhound racing[edit]

Greyhound racing takes place at the Canidrome on Avenida General Castelo Branco. These races are held on Mondays, Thursdays, Fridays and weekends starting from 7:45 pm and there are 16 games on every racing evenings. Admission is MOP$10 (usable for betting) for the public stand.

Players can bet inside the greyhound racing centre, or in off-course betting centres located in the Hotel Lisboa, Jai-Alai Palace and Kam Pek Casino.

Gambling and society[edit]

The casino industry is viewed by some as harmful to society. A high crime rate was one of the biggest problems that Macau's colonial Portuguese government had to face. Since Macau's return to China's rule in 1999, the public security situation has markedly improved. With the growth of the casino industry, a business called 'bate-ficha' was developed and it is usually run by different triad societies. The bate-ficha business is an element of triad involvement in Macau's gambling industry. Bate-ficha involves selling customers 'dead chips' that cannot be exchanged for cash in the casinos, but only by bate-ficha men or women, who are officially known as 'gaming promoters' or 'middlemen' for a commission.

Triad involvement in Macau casinos makes a serious social impact on the local area. It attracts the attention of Chinese gangsters, whose deadly battles over the fortunes to be made from racketeering and extortion in the territory are a continuing problem. As different triad societies compete for controlled territory in the casinos and on the streets, disputes between societies occur from time to time. These are often settled in violent ways. Even worse, triad societies have grown so powerful in Macau that there was a trend that people tried to seek help from these societies rather than from the police. Although the situation has improved since the 1999 handover to China, the problem is still entrenched in the local area.

Gaming law[edit]

No one under the age of 21 is allowed to gamble.

Macau Casino Stocks

Detailed law is enforced in Macau to ensure 'qualified operation of gambling' in Macau. The details are listed in Law 16/2001 (regime jurídico da exploração de jogos de fortuna ou azar em casino), and other laws regulating the activity of gaming promoters and credit for gaming.

The Gaming Inspection and Coordination Bureau (known as DICJ) is the main government unit that oversees the operation of different gaming activities.

Under Macau law, it stated that a permit issued by the Gaming Inspection and Coordination Bureau is required for the operation of lotteries sales, lucky draw or similar activities, and the initial procedure in the application on the operation of lotteries sales, lucky draw, or similar activities is to submit a notification to the relevant government department ten days prior to the application.

In the Macau legal system, gaming law is not considered as a branch of law in the traditional sense. Instead, it may be considered as a transversal gathering of a range of legal topics more or less directly related to gaming, including constitutional law, administrative law, tax law, company law, contract law, and criminal law. In this manner, issues of public law as well as private law are of relevance for gaming.

Tax law issues[edit]

The taxation of casino sub/concessionaires is made of a fixed part and a variable part. The variable part falls on the gross gaming revenue. The tax rate is currently of 35%, plus two contributions of up to 2% and 3% for social and economic purposes. The maximum tax is therefore 40%. In addition, a fixed premium is also payable, plus a premium per VIP table, other table, and slot machine. Gaming promoters pay taxes on commissions received.

Contract law issues[edit]

Macau Sands Casino

From the perspective of contract law, gaming and betting are contracts which may or may not generate civil or natural obligations for the parties. The matter is regulated in the Civil Code 1999 (art. 1171), which states, drawing from Roman law, that gaming and betting generate natural obligations except in sports competitions and where the law provides otherwise. The problem is that gaming legislation currently does not provide to this effect.

Regarding credit for gaming, Macau law states since 2004 that the granting of credit for casino games of fortune generates civil obligations, which are fully enforceable in Macau courts. Credit for casino games of fortune is defined as any case where chips are passed on to a player without immediate cash payment of such chips; this is an intentionally broad concept. Credit for gaming is regulated by Law no. 5/2004, of 14 June.

Criminal law issues[edit]

From the perspective of criminal law, there are specific criminal offences related to gaming; see Law 8/96/M, of 22 July, and Law 9/96/M, of 22 July. Other criminal law matters are covered by broader laws: the Penal Code and the law on Organized crime. Game cheating is mentioned in art. 6 of Law 8/96/M, of 22 July. In addition, general laws on the prevention and repression of money laundering and the financing of terrorism through casinos apply.

Problem gambling[edit]

As of November 2011, exclusion of players from gambling establishments is voluntary. If the person realises that their gambling activities begin to cause trouble, they can turn to the Gaming Inspection and Coordination Bureau to ban them from entering the casino. The government of Macau is seeking the opinions of the citizens on the possibility of establishing a programme that will allow excluding problem gamblers from all casinos without their consent. The Legislative Assembly is currently^[when?] analyzing the new draft law, which also deals with the problem of exclusion from gambling houses. The law suggests that the person can be excluded from the casino if they submit their own request or approve the request submitted by their relatives.^[15]

Other matters[edit]

Competition law matters, and advertising law, as well as the impact of WTO law on gaming, may also be pointed out as part of gaming law. Regarding online gaming, the Macau SAR does not currently grant concessions for online casinos. The current casino concessions only cover land-based gaming, not online gaming.

Academic research and teaching[edit]

The teaching of Macau gaming law started in 2005 the Faculty of Business Administration of the University of Macau, in the undergraduate program of gaming management.Since 2007 it is also included in the master program of international business law offered by the Faculty of Law of the University of Macau [1], in which various theses have already been defended in topics of gaming law.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

1. ^ ^abBranigan, Tania (11 May 2011). 'Macau – gaming capital of the world'. The Guardian.
2. ^ ^ab'Macau: The world's gambling capital'. BBC News.
3. ^Riley, Charles (6 January 2014). 'Macau's gambling industry is now 7 times bigger than Vegas'. CNNMoney.
4. ^Godinho, Jorge (2012) 'A history of games of chance in Macau, Part 1 : Introduction', in Gaming Law Review and Economics, Vol. 16, no. 10, p. 552-556, and (2013) 'Part 2 : The foundation of the Macau gaming industry », Gaming Law Review and Economics, Vol. 17, no. 2, p. 107-116.
5. ^ ^abChan, S. S. (2000). The Macau Economy. Macau: Publications Centre, University of Macau. ISBN99937-26-03-6.
6. ^'Macau Gaming Summary'. UNLV Center for Gaming Research. Retrieved 19 April 2012.
7. ^Macau Yearbook 2007. Government Information Bureau of the Macau SAR. 2007. ISBN978-99937-56-09-5.
8. ^'All you need to know, Macau Hotel'. Gambling Info. Retrieved 27 June 2011.
9. ^Bloomberg, Macau Casinos Top Las Vegas as Adelson, Wynn, Battle Stanley Ho, 1 March 2007
10. ^'Macau Gambling decline'. Yahoo Finance. Retrieved 21 December 2015.
11. ^Ese Erheriene (7 May 2019). 'Casino Boom in Asia Pressures Vegas Operators: Regions new venues aim to draw gamblers beyond Macau, U.S. giants' longtime hub'. The Wall Street Journal. p. B5.
12. ^'Main casino operators in Macau'. Travel & Gamble Online Magazine. Archived from the original on 24 June 2017.
13. ^'Best Poker Rooms in Macau – Macau Poker Updated Jan 2014'.
14. ^video on www.oceanus.asiaArchived 1 February 2011 at the Wayback Machine
15. ^Macau Daily Times: Gov't considers ban on problem gamblers

Further reading[edit]

• Jorge Godinho, 'Casino Gaming in Macau: Evolution, Regulation and Challenges', in UNLV Gaming Law Journal, vol. 5(1), 2014, pp. 1 ff. [2]
• Jorge Godinho, 'A History of Games of Chance in Macau: Part 1 – Introduction', in Gaming Law Review and Economics, vol. 16(10), October 2012, pp. 552 ff. [3]
• Jorge Godinho, Macau Business Law and Legal System, LexisNexis, Hong Kong, 2007 (ISBN9789628937271) [4]
• Governo de Macau, O Jogo em Macau, 1985.
• Angela Leong, 'The 'bate-ficha' business and triads in Macau casinos', QUEENSLAND U. OF TECH. L. & JUST., 84 (2002)
• Metaxas Theodore and Folinas Sotiris (2016) 'Gambling Tourism and Economic Development: Some lessons from Macao,' MPRA Paper 72397, University Library of Munich, Germany.

External links[edit]

• Media related to Gambling in Macau at Wikimedia Commons

Introduction

The Sands Macau opened in 2004 and is one of three properties owned in Macau by the Las Vegas Sands Corporation, the others being the Venetian and the Plaza. For those looking for the glitz and glamour of Vegas, try heading to the Cotai Strip for the Venetian. The Sands doesn't pay a lot of mind to periphery endeavors. Its only concern is with strict hardcore gambling.

Location

The Sands is situated on the southeast corner of the Macau Peninsula, directly opposite Fisherman's Wharf. That puts it about a fifteen minute walk away from the main casino action along Avenue D'Amizade. Despite its isolated location, the Sands is not alone. The JiMei, Grand Lapa and Waldo Hotels also ply their trade in this part of town.

Gambling

The main show at the Sands Macau is definitely gambling; everything else is almost an afterthought. Corners were definitely cut during the planning stage on floor aesthetics and lighting, but what you miss out on there is made up for by the sheer number of games available. More specifically the Sands has over 700 plus table games and well over 1200 slot machines. The action, on average, is expensive. $300 minimum tables are the norm. $100 tables are hard to find and each game may only have two or three such tables. Slots, on the other hand, are surprisingly cheap. There are plenty of 1, 2, 5 10 cent HKD slots to go around.

The gambling is spread out over four floors with most of it occurring on the enormous first floor. A smoke free casino is available on the ground floor while the high rollers head to the high limit exclusive members only Paiza Club on the third floor. (Interestingly enough the Paiza Club is not off limits to non members. Tables with minimums of $1,000 to $10,000 are common, while the highest one I saw was a baccarat table at $80,000. The Paiza club is separated into about 20 smaller rooms with three or four tables in each, with each room named after a city in China, for example, Guilin room, Beijing room, Dunhuang room, etc.)

For those ladies who only want to gamble in the company of the other women, there is a small ladies only section on the first floor, made up of three tables. All three tables are baccarat, with minimum bets of 300 and 200 respectively.

For such a large casino it is interesting that there is no poker room. Following is a list of the Sands Macau games. Unless otherwise indicated, normal Macau rules and payouts apply to all games.

• 3 card Baccarat: Rules.
• Baccarat: More information.
• No Tax Baccarat: I'd say a little more than half of the Baccarat tables at the Sands were no tax Baccarat. Players don't pay the 5% commission in exchange for only getting paid 50% on a won 6 dealer bet. More information can be found at the Wizard of Odds, where this game is referred to as the U.K. variant of Commission-Free Baccarat.
• Blackjack: A quick note about the procedure. Dealers offer the surrender bet to all of the players prior to the player on first base playing his hand. That is the only time players can invoke the surrender rule, before the first player begins. In my opinion, it's completely unnecessary and caused some problems at my table that I'll get into later on.
• Caribbean Stud Poker: The Sands Macau likes to stick it to the lucky recipient of a royal flush. Now we all know 100-1 is the standard payout, but the Sands is only giving 50-1. When I asked a lady floor manager about this, she told me it was the standard payout 'all over the world'. Unconvinced, I tried to bring some logic into the conversation by pointing out that a royal flush is a much better (and much more difficult) hand to get than a straight flush, and thus it should be paid more. She answered that 50-1 is only for the normal game and such a policy did not apply to the progressive jackpot, which was paid 100%. Of course that had nothing to do with what I just said, but I pushed on, noting that the progressive jackpot was only at 3,000,000, and for that not to be a sucker bet, the jackpot had to be at 6.8 million or more. To which she replied, 'then start playing the progressive more and it will get up there.' By then, I couldn't continue having that conversation with her anymore and walked away.
  The Wizard agrees with me that 100-1 is the standard win for a royal flush. He adds that lowering the pay to 50-1 lowers the house edge by 0.004% only. It would seem a bad business decision, angering players used to the 100-1 win, at an average savings of one bet for every 24,000 played.
  In the event of a tie between the dealer and the player, the suit of their two highest cards will be used to break the tie. Suit strength from strongest to weakest is as follows: spade, heart, club, diamond.
  
• Casino War: Rules.
• Fan Tan: Minimum bets are determined by the type of bet. Kwok, Nim and Fan minimum bets are $100, while Nga Tam is $200 and Sheh Sam Hong is $300. Rules.
• Craps: The Sands has one table, paying 3-4-5 odds. Minimum craps bet is $50 HKD. Rules.
• 3 Card Poker - One table has no pairplus bet option, while all the other tables have it. Rules.
• Roulette: All wheels are single 0. Rules.
• Sic Bo: Standard Macau rules are followed. Minimum Sic Bo bets are $100, but combination bets are allowed. That is, players can make two separate $50 dollar bets at a time if they want.
• Slots: The slots lover will not be disappointed at the Sands, unless they're into high stake slots. As I said, plenty of slot machines under $1 HKD abound. There is a high limit slots room on the first floor with only three $50 slot machines and five $100 slot machines. The majority of them aren't even high stake at all, only $1, $2 or $10. The exclusive Paiza club also has a slots room but there is nothing exclusive about it, with no machine exceeding $25. For a casino with such large minimum bets, I was surprised to see the slots so cheap. In addition to slots, electronic versions of baccarat, sic bo, and roulette are all widely available. Minimums for these games start at $10.
• Video Poker: They have six Game King Machines that offer five different games — Jacks or Better, Double Bonus Poker, Double Double Bonus Poker, Deuces Wild and Joker Poker.

My Own Gambling

In order for any casino review to be authentic, the reviewer must gamble. To that end, I did what I had to do and entered the fray. At 2 pm I started playing Blackjack at a hundred dollar table, which was not easy to find, as there are only three of them in the whole casino. The table was empty when I started but soon filled up. On the whole I find the level of Blackjack playing in Macau to be noticeably worse than in the West. I'm not sure how many people here have heard of basic strategy. The mistakes made are plentiful and not easy to watch. I know there are beginners everywhere but even people here well versed in the rules of the game don't really know what they're doing. For some, I think they just play the game to get in on the 11-1 pair sidebet which is a sucker bet to begin with and shouldn't be played ever - under any circumstances. But they go on anyway, happily dropping $50 HKD or more on each player's hand hoping one hits a pair. And if one does, they invariably drop another $50 HKD down that the third card dealt to the player will match yet again, odds and probability be damned.

While playing blackjack, I noticed an inconsistency in the performance of the dealers. Not all of them acted in the same way. The rule at the Sands is that surrender can only be invoked after everyone has seen their cards and the first player has yet to play. This, however, for some dealers, was a loose rule. Some would allow players to surrender when their turn came up afterwards. One poor woman playing at second base was a little perplexed knowing that the last dealer let her surrender when her turn to play came up, but then a new dealer didn't. Poor thing had to hit a 15 against a 10 with a grand bet sitting on the table. Obviously whoever is watching the dealers should be correcting this mistake instantly. Casinoes can't have dealers of the same games doing different things. In my opinion the whole procedure stinks in the first place and should be scrapped. They ought to let players surrender when their turn comes up. There's no need to interrupt the flow of the game by asking players at the outset.

During my three hours of play I found roughly half of the dealers could speak, or at least, understand, some English. Play for me, overall, went well. I bet low all the way through and was always up, usually around a grand. I think, at my peak, I may have been up $1800, but those good times didn't last. When I walked away after three hours, I was up an even thousand and decided to try my luck at Fan Tan.

Fan Tan caught my interest just recently after I learned that it used to be THE game for Chinese people, in and around the turn of the 19th Century. I'm very much into Chinese history, especially the history of that era, so I was eager to see what the fuss was all about. After playing it for a half hour, I found the game to be excruciating. It had nothing to do with the dealers or the other players, who were all cool, but with the randomness of it all, of my bet, of betting $300 to win $95, of knowing that I'd have to win 4 times for every time I lost just to turn a profit. My strategy was to bet 2,3,4 all the way through and hope there was a long dry run for the number 1. Well that long dry run for the number 1 never materialized as it came up twice in 30 minutes. When it came up a second time I called it quits, up $435. The only reason I was up that much was because I tried a Fan bet on the number 4 once and luckily won it, winning $300. Otherwise I'd only have shown a meagre $135 win from betting Sheh Sam Hong. That's akin to death by slow slicing, in my opinion.

The best part about playing Fan Tan were the other players. If I was a little harsh in my evaluation of the locals as Blackjack players, then I am giving them full props for their skills at Fan Tan. Four seconds after the game started they could call out the winning number, just as the dealer only started to group the buttons with her wand. Sometimes they'd play around with me, calling the won number out to be 1 when it wasn't, knowing that's the only number I could lose with. I took the ribbing all in good fun and it lent good camaraderie to the table. I noticed the other players liked to keep track of the winning numbers with a special form provided by the casino much in the same way they do with Baccarat. Dealers English level was noticeably poorer than at the Blackjack tables, probably because not many foreigners play Fan Tan.

After playing for 3.5 hours, all at $100 tables, I accumulated 8 points on my players card. I walked away up $1,435 HKD, a win I'll gladly take every time!

Promotions

Player Card

The Sands Rewards Club card is good in all three of the Sands Corporation Macau properties: the Sands, Venetian, and Plaza. Gold player cards are free initially while Ruby cards and Diamond cards are earned subject to points accumulated. Ruby cards require 888 points while the magic number for Diamond cards is 8,888.

I asked three different staff members exactly how points were accumulated but no one knew the answer. They only said it was done 'by computer.'

Member benefits are pretty standard across the board. Discounts available in hotel restaurants are as follows: Gold club members get 10 percent while Ruby and Diamond club members get 20 and 25 percent respectively. The big goal to shoot for should be the complimentary hotel night available with the Ruby Card. However, be warned, the fine print says that perk is discretionary, based on rated play.

Big Spin and Win

Sands Rewards Club members are eligible to take a free daily spin on the 'Big Spin and Win' slot machine. Top prize is a 1,000,000 HKD. Other prizes include cash as well as several slot bonuses. The machine is located on the ground floor beside the smoke free casino.

Explore the World

At my time of visiting, a two month Explore the World trip promotion was just winding down. Two draws occurred daily, at 2 pm and 7:30 pm on the stage behind the Xanadu bar. Only those with player cards were eligible to earn tickets for the draw. The main prize was a World trip worth $100,000 HKD.

Hotel

On December 27th, 2010 I checked into the cheapest room available at the Sands Macau, the Deluxe Suite. The cost of the room in total was 2184 Pattacas for one night. As is the norm in Macau, room prices vary according to the day of the week, with rates lowest midweek and highest on the weekend. The only other room available at the Sands is the more expensive Executive Suite, which roughly goes for a grand more.

On the whole I would say more experience staying at the Sands left a little to be desired. There's no question the main focus there is on gaming, not on the hotel experience, and it shows as soon as you walk in the front door. The lobby is very underwhelming with nothing to suggest you are staying a five star hotel. At check in my Visa card was not accepted for some reason, with the only explanation being the transaction was declined, which was a surprise to me as I pay my bills on time. Luckily I had enough cash on me to pay for the room as well as the $2000 HKD deposit. Later on, I encountered more problems when I tried to call my credit card company long distance from the room. I was first told that I couldn't be connected, as I hadn't paid a deposit, which was completely incorrect. After I explained to the girl that I had paid, she connected me quickly, but I never made my long distance call after learning the rates were 40 Pattacas a minute. Outside on the street, the same call can be made for 1 Pattaca a minute. That markup is borderline criminal in my books.

Sands Casino Macau China

The hotel never had the sense of being busy when I was there. Elevators were easy to get and almost never had anyone in them. Floors 1 to 6 are open to everyone and house all the hotel's casinoes and restaurants. The pool and conference centre are located on the 6th floor. Floors 7 to 23 are guest rooms and require a room card to access. Half the time during my stay the key wouldn't work properly and I had to try three or four times, an annoyance that always bothers me more than it probably should.

During my time at the Sands, I stayed on the 18th floor, room 1826. To call the room a suite is somewhat misleading in my opinion. I have seen this phenomenon before in high level Macau hotels, where they are too good to have mere rooms. Their lowest grade rooms have to be suites. At 60 square feet the room was large enough to be called a suite, but it didn't have two separate rooms, which I think suites should have. While it had two clearly defined sections, (bedroom and living room), the two parts were only divided by a wooden cabinet, which made the room feel smaller than it should have.

Nitpicking aside, the room was comfortable and nicely furnished. I had a nice view overlooking Fisherman's Wharf and the South China Sea. The bed was large and not too hard, which is often a problem in China. The bathroom was a definite highlight, nicely done up in marble and very well lit. On the left side was a shower and on the right, a Jacuzzi, which was in fine working order. (I am very much a tub guy. Sometimes I'll go so far as to judge all hotel rooms by one criterion: the size and depth of the bathtub. This Jacuzzi came in a little on the small side for my liking.)

Overall the room is just about what you'd expect for the price you're paying. I don't think anybody could be reasonably disappointed with it. The room has aged quite nicely over its six years. The largest problem I had was with its lack of complimentary products. Everything in the bathroom is readily available in three star hotels and the only free thing in the main room was a plate of fruit. The Sands degree of frugality on this front is embarrassing and for lack of a better word, just cheap.

The hotel staff was friendly throughout and most spoke reasonably good English.

Pool

The Sands Macau has one pool, located outdoors on the sixth floor. Although the size of it may not please some people, I liked the outdoor setup and the surrounding deck. Pool hours are from 7 am to 7 pm. Interestingly when I came up to the sixth floor around 8 pm the pool was technically closed but the door was still open. I took a look inside and saw five people sitting around a deck table engaged in what looked like a game of Texas Hold 'Em. Of all the places to see people gambling at the Sands it had to be poolside after hours. That's instant cred in my eyes.

Spa

If you get the wrong front desk staff you may be told that the Sands has no spa or fitness centre. That's what happened when I tried to find out where it was located after I finished dinner. The fact that I had to ask in the first place underlined a basic problem of the Sands hotel experience. They don't do a good enough job advertising their facilities or restaurants. All of this information should be readily made available through brochures in the room. That's the peril of being a casino first and a hotel second, I suppose. Anyway, take my word for it, the Sands does have a spa and fitness centre, but they're not easy to find. You have to go to the third floor, walk past the restaurants, then through the high limit Paiza room to another set of elevators. This isolated hidden section is a whole other part of the hotel. Once you get to those elevators take one up to the eighth floor where you'll find the spa. Spa hours are from 11 am to 3 am and use of the facilities is free. Men are more fortunate than women here. The male section is fully loaded with a fitness centre, hot tub, steam room, sauna and cold pool, while women are SOL. None of those amenities are offered to female guests.

The spa was a definite highlight of the hotel. Although not very large, it had a nice ambience about it, maybe due to its smaller size. The waterfalls behind the hot tub bathed in blue and green lights were a nice touch. So was the man who occasionally came by serving up much needed bottles of cold water. For those keeping track at home, the sauna was cooking at 72 degrees C while the dials in the stream room were maxed out, reaching 42 degrees. The steam room was an experience upon itself. Puddles collected on the floor which burned your feet if you stepped in them for too long while your nose burned with each inhalation. I couldn't take any more than two or three minutes in there at a time.

The cold pool was a peculiar addition to the spa and something I'd never seen before. It was perhaps only three feet wide and five feet deep. Anybody wanting to get in would have to slowly lower themselves down standing up then kneel down. It couldn't have been sat down in. The thermometer in the water read a positively chilly 9 degrees. As I sat back in the hot tub thinking of its possible uses the first thing I thought of was that it was a safety device. If you go to any large old Chinese living structure, say pre 1900, you'll invariably see cauldrons of water surrounding the most important main buildings. Since everything was made of wood back then they needed a convenient water source to put fires out quickly. Only this cold pool wasn't there for the safety of the Sands — a modern structure — it was there for the safety of the patrons. It was there for the safety of the poor SOB who stayed in the steam room too long and caught on fire.

In all seriousness, if any reader can enlighten us to the therapeutic value of the cold pool, and why people would want to use it, we'd love to know.

Food

With five restaurants in total, the dining options at the Sands are plentiful. Two restaurants are foreign, two are Chinese, while a fifth one does both. A nice price range exists among the restaurants, and even in some of the restaurants themselves, so neither those living little nor those large living will go hungry at the Sands. A McDonald's and a KFC also hide out in the back end of the property, but perhaps due to embarrassment, they are not advertised at all inside the hotel. Below is a list of the proper restaurants:

• The Moonlight Noodle House: Located on the first floor, the Moonlight Noodle House is open 24 hours a day. They mostly serve Cantonese food, with dishes ranging from 50 to 100 Macau Pattacas.
• 888 Gourmet Palace: Located on the second floor, 888 Gourmet Palace is separated into two parts. The left side offers a day long buffet, at the following prices:
  Breakfast buffet (7 am to 11 am): 158 MOP + 10% service charge.
  Lunch buffet (11:30 am - 2 pm): 108 MOP + 10% service charge.
  Dinner buffet (5:30 pm - 10 pm): 288 MOP + 10% service charge.
  I tried the lunch buffet which I found to be surprisingly good. First, the prices were more in line with mainland prices, not Macau prices which are routinely 50% higher. Secondly they did not skimp on shrimp and had a large dessert section. One problem I had was that some meat dishes were not clearly marked so I wasn't clear sometimes on what I was getting. Two, they needed more juice options as they only offered two kinds. Still though, the bread was fresh, the cake was soft, the ice cream cold and I would not hesitate in going back again.

  The right side of 888 Gourmet Palace mostly serves Asian fast food. They have three different counters each specializing in a different fare, be it Shanghai, Cantonese, Thai, or Japanese food. The Honey Dew Cafe also does Western style soup and sandwiches. Prices ranged from 25 to 55 Pattacas for each dish. I tried a rice and spicy chicken plate which ran me 48 Pattacas in total. While the food was good, it wasn't enough, so anyone planning to eat there probably has to order two dishes.

• Copa Steakhouse: Located on the third floor, the Copa Steakhouse specializes in all things Western. The prices are at Western levels as well, and then some. Steak prices, for example, ranged from 218 to 388 Pattacas. That's about the standard price for anything on their menu. According to an advertisement outside the hotel it was named the top steakhouse in Hong Kong and Macau. Opens at 5 pm.
• Perola: Located on the third floor, Perola specializes in Portuguese fare, at very reasonable prices. Most dishes are in the low 100's. The menu is not large however. Opens at 5 pm.
• Golden Court: Located on the third floor, Golden Court is another Cantonese restaurant. The menu suits all comers, with some dishes under 100 pattacas, but others over 1000. I had a beef noodle dish there that was mildly decent but probably not worth the 88 Pattacas I paid for it. Opens at 5 pm.

Bars

There are three bars at the Sands Macau. Respectively, they are:

• Xanadu: The Xanadu bar is planted firmly in the middle of the gaming action on the casino's gigantic first floor. Directly behind it is a stage used for entertainment. Indeed the only time people had anything to do with the bar area was around showtime. Even then they didn't order anything, they just stood watching the dancing girls. The bartenders for the most part stood around with less to do than dealers at empty tables.

  Winners Circle: This wine bar on the 3rd floor was similarly ignored. I passed by it many times and never saw anybody drinking anything.

  The Playboy Club: Located on the 24th floor, this upscale bar/club is the most recent addition to the Sands Macau. Its main draw, of course, is its entourage of Playboy Bunnies, fully done up in the seductive Bunny dress, ready to 'entertain' guests. The club also has live music. There is no charge to get in, but it's definitely for big spenders only, as most things on the food and drink menu exceed 1000 Pattacas.

  When I went in there around 10 pm the place was empty save for two or three patrons and eight or nine Bunnies, who were mostly foreign and all hot. None looked older than 22 or 23. One of them, an absolutely stunning brunette, greeted me when I walked in and asked what I wanted to drink. While I looked at the menu, she explained the club to me and what the Bunnies did. Mostly it was serving drinks, chatting and taking photos with the customers as well as drinking with the customer if that's what he wanted. But she made sure to say that Bunnies drank only champagne, and I shudder to guess how much that glass cost. When I pried a little further she revealed the 'entertainment' provided didn't cross any legal or moral lines. Knowing full well that both she and the drink menu were way out of my league I took one last look around, politely excused myself, and left. Waiting at the elevator I saw her one last time when she passed by. Smiling warmly she wished me a good night again, and I did the same to her.

  Back in my room, I got to thinking that maybe I wasn't wrong. Maybe I was right to stick with gambling. There are worst bets in life than the ones we make on the casino floor. The women I just talked to, for example. If she were so inclined, I'm sure she could destroy a man more completely and thoroughly than any casino game ever could.

Parking

For those staying in the hotel, dining, or gambling, parking is free.

Entertainment

Entertainment at the Sands Macau is sparse. The big show of the evening is the Glamour Girls, a dancing show held at Xanadu bar. The program consists of six to eight foreign beauties shaking their hips to 1960 beach tunes. The program begins with 60's surfing hit Wipeout, followed by a Beach Boys number before moving on to other things. I must confess I didn't stay to watch it. My policy is if you've seen one dancing show, you've seen them all.

In between the dancing shows there was live music an by assortment of different bands, mostly playing poppy rock music, like covers of Blondie's 'Call Me.'

The following day, around 1 pm, they had a singer belting out cheesy 80's tunes like Careless Whisper.

Suffice to say, no one is coming to the Sands for its shows.

Suggestions for Improvement

Hotel:

• Improve the lobby of the hotel to give it more of a five star feel.
• The ladies spa should have the same amenities as the men's.
• Add more entertainment. The large stage/theater is there on the 3rd floor. It's just not used.

Gambling

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• More lower limit tables.
• More high stake slots.
• Add a poker room.

Quick Facts

• Address: Large de Monte Carlo, No. 203, Macau
• Phone: 853 2888 3388
• Fax: 853-883-377
• Web site: www.sands.com.mo
• No of hotel suites: 300+
• Table games: 700+
• Slot machines: 1200+

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